In this research, the relationship of energy consumption, foreign direct investment and population growth with unemployment in Iran is studied according to the data provided during 1989-2017. The present research uses the Johansen's co-accumulation approach to analyze the long-term relationship between variables studied. The long-term flexibility and causality was studied based on VECM framework. The results of long-term flexibility implied the positive significance of population growth and energy consumption and negative significance of foreign direct investment effects on unemployment. The results of causality also implied that in short-term, the causal relationship from population growth and foreign direct investment is toward the unemployment and long-term causality was from energy consumption, foreign direct investment and population growth toward unemployment.